ESPERANZA, ANTARCTICA

Average Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		-5.3		0.5		-0.5		-3.1		-7.3		-9.6		-10.9		-10.8		-10.5		-7		-3.6		-1.7		0.4

Average High Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		-1.7		3.1		2.6		-0.4		-3.4		-5.6		-6.6		-6.4		-6.2		-2.7		0.3		1.3		3.2

Average Low Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		-8.8		-1.8		-2.9		-6.4		-11.1		-13.4		-15.1		-15		-14.7		-11.1		-7.4		-4.6		-2.1

Highest Recorded Temperature

Years on Record: 20

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		25		15		22		20		21		20		17		20		22		20		20		23		25

Lowest Recorded Temperature

Years on Record: 20

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		-32		-16		-26		-22		-26		-28		-28		-32		-31		-27		-25		-17		-11

Average Number of Days Above 50F/10C

Years on Record: 20

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		6		1		1		1		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		1

Average Number of Days Below 32F/0C

Years on Record: 20

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		330		24		21		27		29		30		29		30		31		29		29		27		25

Average Number of Days Below 0F/-17C

Years on Record: 20

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		45		---		---		---		3		7		9		11		9		4		1		---		---

Average Number of Days With Precipitation

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		181		16		15		16		16		14		13		14		14		16		15		16		16

Average Number of Rainy Days

Years on Record: 18

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		34		4		6		5		3		2		1		1		1		2		2		3		4

Average No. of Days With Freezing Rain

Years on Record: 18

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		3		---		---		---		---		1		---		---		---		---		1		1		---

Average Number of Days With Snow

Years on Record: 18

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		173		16		13		15		14		14		13		14		13		15		16		15		15

Average Morning Relative Humidity

Years on Record: 9

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
%		82		86		83		82		81		82		82		80		80		78		81		81		84

Average Evening Relative Humidity

Years on Record: 14

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
%		78		79		77		78		79		80		78		81		79		76		78		78		78

Average Dew Point

Years on Record: 11

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		-6		-2		-2		-5		-8		-9		-11		-11		-11		-8		-6		-4		-2

Heating Degree Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		9070		547.7		521.8		673.4		767.5		862.8		875.8		899.9		893		757.5		678.6		600		551.1

Average Length of Day

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Hours		14.2		24		16.8		13.4		10.2		7.5		5.9		6.8		9.4		12.4		15.7		24		24

Average Number of Days With Fog

Years on Record: 18

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		117		10		8		9		10		9		10		10		10		8		10		11		12

Average Number of Clear Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		33		1		1		1		2		3		5		5		5		3		3		2		2

Average Number of Cloudy Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		202		23		20		19		16		15		14		13		13		14		15		19		21

Average No. of Days With Vision Obstruction

Years on Record: 18

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		194		13		11		13		17		17		19		18		20		19		17		15		15

Average Wind Speed

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
km/h		28.2		20.5		25.5		26.7		29.1		32		29.8		32.7		30.6		34.1		29.9		25.2		21.7

Average No. of Days With Blowing Snow

Years on Record: 18

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		95		2		3		6		9		11		11		11		13		12		9		5		3

Average No. of Days With Blowing Dust/Sand

Years on Record: 18

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		194		13		11		13		17		17		19		18		20		19		17		15		15

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		9.1		18.5		13.8		8.7		3.9		1.1		0.3		0.7		2.7		7		13.1		18.1		21

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		5		9.9		8.1		4.9		2.5		0.8		0.2		0.5		1.8		4.1		6.9		9.2		10.7

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		10.4		16.4		14		11.6		7.3		3		1.2		2.8		5.8		11.1		15.8		17.4		18.2

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		10.4		18.4		13.1		11		6.4		2.7		0.2		2.4		5.2		9.6		15.2		19.3		22.1

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		9.1		18.5		13.8		8.7		3.9		1.1		0.3		0.7		2.7		7		13.1		18.1		21

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		5.1		10		8.2		5.3		2.8		0.9		0.3		0.6		2		4.5		7		9.2		10.7

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		12.6		19.5		15.8		15.2		9.1		3.5		1.4		3.2		6.9		13.5		19.1		20.4		22.9

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		13.9		24.4		16.4		15.3		8.1		3.3		1.5		2.8		6.3		12.5		19.2		24.9		32.7

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		7.6		15.6		12		7.1		3.4		1		0.3		0.6		2.3		5.4		10.1		14.5		18.4

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		4.8		9.7		7.9		4.5		2.3		0.8		0.2		0.5		1.6		3.7		6.7		9		10.6

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		8.2		13.7		11.7		8.7		6		2.4		0.9		2.3		4.8		7.6		11.2		13.4		15.8

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		7.2		12.7		9.4		7.6		5		2		0.2		2		4.1		5.8		8.4		12.1		16.7