VATICAN CITY, HOLY SEE

Average Temperature

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		15		8		8		11		12		17		20		23		23		21		17		12		9

Average High Temperature

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		20		12		13		15		17		21		25		28		28		26		21		16		13

Average Low Temperature

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		11		3		4		6		8		12		16		18		19		16		13		7		5

Highest Recorded Temperature

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		37		17		20		26		25		31		33		37		37		37		31		26		22

Lowest Recorded Temperature

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		-7		-7		-3		-3		2		2		8		12		11		8		1		-3		-3

Average Number of Days Above 90F/32C

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		4		---		---		---		---		---		---		2		2		---		---		---		---

Average Number of Days Above 65F/18C

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		197		---		---		2		9		27		30		31		31		30		27		9		1

Average Number of Days Below 32F/0C

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		18		7		4		2		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		1		4

Average Precipitation

Years on Record: 120

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mm		800		80		70		60		60		50		30		10		20		60		110		110		90

Average Number of Days With Thunderstorms

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		42		3		3		3		4		2		3		2		3		5		6		5		3

Most Rain Reported in a Month

Years on Record: 120

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mm		1470		220		210		170		180		160		170		110		110		270		340		370		270

Least Recorded Rainfall

Years on Record: 120

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mm		350		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		---

Average Morning Relative Humidity

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
%		86		86		86		87		87		85		83		82		84		87		88		87		86

Average Evening Relative Humidity

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
%		68		67		66		68		69		68		68		69		68		68		70		70		69

Average Dew Point

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		11		4		5		6		8		12		16		19		19		17		13		8		5

Heating Degree Days

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		1717.3		310		266.8		241.1		166.7		43.1		---		---		---		---		25.8		183.3		266.9

Cooling Degree Days

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		494.2		---		---		---		---		---		66.7		163.6		172.2		91.7		---		---		---

Growing Degree Days

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		2125.9		---		---		17.2		83.3		215.3		316.7		421.9		430.6		341.7		232.5		66.7		---

Average Length of Day

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Hours		12.7		10.1		11.1		12.4		13.9		15.1		15.7		15.4		14.3		12.9		11.5		10.3		9.7

Average Number of Days With Fog

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		290		24		21		24		24		27		25		27		27		24		22		22		23

Average Wind Speed

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
km/h		14		9		9		8		17		16		16		16		16		16		9		9		9

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		14.7		6.5		9.8		13.9		16.6		20.9		23.5		24.9		21.6		16.1		10.5		6.6		5.3

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		5.2		2.5		3.5		5		7		8		8.2		7.3		6.4		5.4		4.1		2.9		2.3

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		16.4		11.5		14.3		17.1		17.1		19.2		20.4		22.1		21.4		18.6		14.5		10.7		9.8

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		17.8		11.9		15.3		17.5		16.5		20.7		23.8		27.6		25		19.8		14.4		10.7		10

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		14.7		6.5		9.8		13.9		16.6		20.9		23.5		24.9		21.6		16.1		10.5		6.6		5.3

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		5.6		2.7		3.8		5.4		7.2		8.5		8.9		8.2		7.4		5.8		4.3		3		2.3

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		19.9		14.4		20.4		21.7		19.9		22.1		21.9		23.9		24		22.1		19.6		12.8		15.7

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		23.6		15.9		24.6		24.9		21.7		26.8		27.5		32.1		30.6		25.9		21.7		13.6		17.9

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		12.1		5.1		6.9		11.2		13.6		16.7		20.3		21.9		17.9		14.6		8.3		5.3		3.9

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		4.6		2.3		2.6		4.1		6.4		7.2		7.7		6.5		5.4		4.5		3.4		2.8		1.8

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		12.9		8.1		8.9		13.1		13.7		15.3		17.7		19.5		17.5		16.5		10.7		7.6		6.2

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		12.1		7.5		7.7		11.5		11		13		17.8		21.5		17.2		16.3		9.2		6.7		5.5