PALMERSTON, NEW ZEALAND

Average Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		10.3		15		14.7		13.2		10.6		7.9		5.8		5.1		6.5		8.5		10.1		11.9		13.7

Average High Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		15.8		20.3		20		18.9		16.7		13.8		11.4		10.8		12.1		14.2		15.7		17.4		18.7

Average Low Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		4.7		9.7		9.3		7.4		4.4		2.1		0.2		-0.6		0.9		2.9		4.5		6.4		8.8

Highest Recorded Temperature

Years on Record: 41

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		36.6		33.8		36.6		33.7		29.4		24.4		22		21		22.2		26.5		30.5		31.2		31.9

Lowest Recorded Temperature

Years on Record: 41

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		---		0.9		0.1		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		0.4

Average Number of Days Above 80F/26C

Years on Record: 39

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		13		3.2		2.9		2.2		0.7		---		---		---		---		0.1		0.3		1.5		2.1

Average Number of Days With Hail

Years on Record: 5

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		0.1		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		0.1

Average Evaporation Rate

Years on Record: 24

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mm		690		92.2		74.7		69		43.8		36.2		29.7		30.3		38.4		48.9		65.2		75		86.6

Average Rainfall

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mm		171.9		16.6		15.6		14		12.4		16.2		11.7		15.1		14.4		12.5		14.1		11.8		17.6

Average Number of Rainy Days

Years on Record: 41

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		124.9		11		9.3		10.3		9.2		10.3		9		10.1		10.2		9.7		11.8		10.9		13.1

Most Rain Reported in a Day

Years on Record: 41

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mm		171.2		76.8		89		83.5		171.2		88		93.2		97.5		142.5		62		44.4		48.9		55.8

Avg. No. of Days w/Rain Above 0.1in/2mm

Years on Record: 41

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		85.9		7.8		6.7		6.7		6.4		7.1		6.2		6.6		7		6.8		8.1		7.2		9.3

Most Rain Reported in an Hour

Years on Record: 19

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mm		19.5		16.3		13.9		13.3		19.5		12.4		6.6		14.7		11.2		10.9		13.7		8.7		13.7

Most Rain Reported in 6 Hours

Years on Record: 19

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mm		90.8		31.1		38.8		54		90.8		44.6		18.7		56.7		56.1		22.7		23.7		21.8		39.6

Most Rain Reported in 48 Hours

Years on Record: 19

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mm		199.2		70.4		125		154.8		192		158.7		49		122		199.2		66.6		43.2		66		81.6

Most Rain Reported in 72 Hours

Years on Record: 19

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mm		201		109.3		139.6		155.3		193.9		179.7		81.9		122.2		201		67.1		56.8		66.5		82.7

Most Rain Reported in 1/2 Hour

Years on Record: 19

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mm		15.5		15.5		13.9		8.9		13		7.6		4.8		8.1		5.9		8		13.7		8.3		9.3

Average Number of Days With Frost

Years on Record: 42

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		68.9		---		---		0.6		3.2		9.7		15.2		17.6		12.1		6.7		2.9		0.8		0.1

Average Morning Relative Humidity

Years on Record: 39

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
%		79.3		75		81.1		80.5		82.7		83.7		84.4		85.7		81.5		75.1		73.5		72.9		75

Heating Degree Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		2994.6		102.3		111.6		158.1		238.7		322.4		387.5		409.2		365.8		303.8		254.2		198.4		142.6

Growing Degree Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		579.8		155		132.8		99.2		18		---		---		---		---		---		3.1		57		114.7

Average Vapor Pressure

Years on Record: 41

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mbar		9.8		12.8		12.8		11.7		10.1		8.1		6.9		6.7		7.3		8.5		9.4		10.6		12.1

Average Length of Day

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Hours		12.7		15.8		14.5		12.9		11.3		10		9.3		9.7		10.8		12.3		13.9		15.4		15.8

Average Monthly Sunshine

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Hours		1740.3		174.3		167		159.5		139.9		114.8		100		114.4		128.6		139		171.8		169		162

Average Number of Days With Fog

Years on Record: 5

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		6.6		0.6		1		0.6		0.4		0.6		0.1		0.4		0.4		0.7		0.1		1.4		0.3

Average Percent of Cloud Cover

Years on Record: 20

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
%		61.3		65		63.8		62.5		57.5		56.3		56.3		57.5		58.8		58.8		65		65		68.8

Highest Reported Hourly Wind Speed

Years on Record: 24

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
km/h		27.8		23.2		26.5		25.1		27.8		27.8		25.3		25		26.2		27		20.5		22.6		25.8

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		12.5		19.4		17.1		13.6		9.3		6.1		4.8		5.4		7.9		11.6		15.8		18.8		19.7

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		5.4		9		7.6		5.6		3.7		2.4		1.9		2.1		3.1		4.8		6.7		8.6		9.5

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		14.3		17.4		16.9		15.6		13.1		11.1		9.5		10.7		12.2		14.5		16.4		17.2		17.1

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		14.3		16.8		16.2		15.5		13.6		11.4		10.8		11.1		12.7		14.2		16		16.7		16.3

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		12.5		19.4		17.1		13.6		9.3		6.1		4.8		5.4		7.9		11.6		15.8		18.8		19.7

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		5.5		9.2		7.7		5.7		3.8		2.5		1.9		2.2		3.2		4.9		6.9		8.7		9.6

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		17.4		19.9		19.9		20.6		16.4		13.3		12		13.5		15.8		17.6		19.7		19.8		19.7

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		19.3		21.8		21.7		23.7		18.5		14.5		14.4		14.7		17.8		19		21.8		21.8		21.5

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		10.3		15.1		14.2		12.1		7.7		5		4.1		4.2		6.9		9.9		12.6		15.6		16.6

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		5.1		8.8		7.1		4.8		3.4		2.3		1.7		1.9		2.8		4.4		6.3		8.2		9.2

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		11.4		13.5		13.8		13.5		10		8.3		7.5		7.5		10.1		11.8		12.7		14.3		14.5

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		9.9		10		11.1		12.2		9.2		8		8		7.1		9.8		10.4		10.1		11.4		11.4